The development of a complex organ involves the specification and differentiation Bartschere of diverse cell types constituting that organ.Two major cell subtypes, contractile cardial cells (CCs) and nephrocytic pericardial cells (PCs), comprise the Drosophila heart.Binding sites for Suppressor of Hairless [Su(H)], an integral transcription factor
The negative bone effects of the disease and of chronic corticosteroid treatment in premenopausal women affected by rheumatoid arthritis
Osteoporosis is a well-known extra-articular complication in rheumatoid bags arthritis (RA).The chronic corticosteroid treatment, the functional impairment associated with RA and the disease itself appear to be the most relevant determinants.Most of the previous studies involved postmenopausal women, in whom the estrogenic deficiency might amplify
Towards an early warning system for Rhodesian sleeping sickness in savannah areas: man-like traps for tsetse flies.
BackgroundIn the savannahs of East and Southern Africa, tsetse flies (Glossina spp.) transmit Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense which causes Rhodesian sleeping sickness, the zoonotic form of human African trypanosomiasis.The flies feed mainly on wild and domestic animals and are usually repelled by humans.However, this innate aversion to humans can be
An overlooked mandibular-rubbing behavior used during recruitment by the African weaver ant, Oecophylla longinoda.
In Oecophylla, an ant genus comprising two territorially dominant arboreal species, workers are known to (1) use anal spots to mark their territories, (2) drag their gaster along the substrate to deposit short-range recruitment trails, and (3) drag the extruded rectal gland along the substrate to deposit the trails used in long-range recruitment.He